A four-stroke petrol engine works by repeating four strokes of the piston, which are connected to a crankshaft by a connecting rod:
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Stroke
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What happens
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|---|---|
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Intake
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The piston moves down, drawing in a mixture of air and fuel through the intake valve
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Compression
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The piston moves up, compressing the fuel-air mixture
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Power
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The spark plug ignites the compressed fuel-air mixture, causing it to expand and force the piston down
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Exhaust
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The piston moves up, forcing the exhaust gases out of the combustion chamber through the exhaust valve
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The four-stroke cycle is the process that converts fuel into motion in a four-stroke engine. The cycle repeats continuously while the engine is running, and it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft to complete one cycle.
Four-stroke engines are the most common type of internal combustion engine used in motorized land transport, including automobiles, trucks, motorcycles, diesel trains, and light aircraft.
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