Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that have several distinguishing features, including:
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Cell wallPlant cells have a tough cell wall made of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin that surrounds the cell membrane. The cell wall is responsible for many of the unique features of a plant’s life style, including providing strength and structure to the plant.
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ChloroplastsPlant cells contain chloroplasts, which are organelles that perform photosynthesis, the process of converting light energy from the sun into chemical energy for growth. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs light energy.
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VacuolesPlant cells have large vacuoles that help regulate how cells handle water and store other molecules. Vacuoles also enable plant cells to grow large without becoming too bulky, which would make metabolism difficult.
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Cell divisionPlant cells divide in a unique way, forming a cell plate or phragmoplast to separate the new daughter cells.
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